Aneurin bevan wiki

Aneurin „Nye” Bevan (ur. 15 listopada1897 w Tredegar, zm. 6 lipca1960 w Chesham) – walijski i brytyjski polityk, członek Partii Pracy i przedstawiciel jej lewego skrzydła. Minister w rządach Clementa Attleego, jako minister zdrowia odpowiedzialny za utworzenie Narodowej Służby Zdrowia (National Health Service).

Życiorys

Był synem górnika Davida Bevana. W wieku 13 lat opuścił szkołę i rozpoczął pracę w miejscowej kopalni Tytryst. Rychło wstąpił do związku zawodowego górników z południowej Walii. W wieku 19 lat stanął na czele lokalnej gałęzi tego związku. W 1919 r. uzyskał stypendium na Central Labour College w Londynie. Po powrocie w rodzinne strony w 1921 r. dowiedział się, że stracił pracę. Bevan pozostawał bezrobotny do 1924 r., kiedy to znalazł pracę w kopalni Bedwellty. Jednak 10 miesięcy później zamknięto tę kopalnię i Bevan ponownie został bez pracy. W lutym 1925 r. zmarł jego ojciec. W 1926 r. młodszy Bevan rozpoczął pracę w urzędzie związku zawodowego.

Podczas strajku generalnego w 1926 r. był jednym z przywódców strajku w południowej Walii.

W 1928 r. Bevan został wybrany członkiem rady hrabstwa Monmouthshire. W 1929 r. został wybrany do Izby Gmin jako reprezentant okręgu Ebbw Vale. W 1934 r. poślubił Jennie Lee. W 1936 r. rozpoczął pracę w redakcji Tribune. W marcu 1939 r. został wydalony z Partii Pracy za agitację na rzecz utworzenia Frontu Ludowego. W listopadzie tego roku został jednak na powrót przyjęty do partii. Był krytykiem pokojowej polityki Neville’a Chamberlaina, pozostał również w opozycji wobec rządu wojennego Winstona Churchilla.

Po zwycięstwie Partii Pracy w wyborach 1945 r. Bevan otrzymał stanowisko ministra zdrowia. Już w 1946 r. doprowadził do uchwalenia National Health Service Act, który wszedł w życie w 1948 r. i który stworzył w Wielkiej Brytanii publiczną służbę zdrowia. Bevan działał również na obszarze odbudowy kraju po zniszczeniach wojennych.

W 195

Welsh politician (1897–1960)

Not to be confused with Ernest Bevin.

For the local health board headquartered in Caerleon, Wales, see Aneurin Bevan University Health Board.

Aneurin "Nye" BevanPC (; Welsh:[aˈnəɨ.rɪn]; 15 November 1897 – 6 July 1960) was a WelshLabour Party politician, noted for spearheading the creation of the British National Health Service during his tenure as Minister of Health in Clement Attlee's government. He is also known for his wider contribution to the founding of the British welfare state. He was first elected as MP for Ebbw Vale in 1929, and used his Parliamentary platform to make a number of influential criticisms of Winston Churchill and his government during the Second World War. Before entering Parliament, Bevan was involved in miners' union politics and was a leading figure in the 1926 general strike. Bevan is widely regarded as one of the most influential left-wing politicians in British history.

Raised in Monmouthshire, in modern day Blaenau Gwent, by a Welsh working-class family, he was the son of a coal miner and left school at 14. Bevan first worked as a miner during his teens where he became involved in local miners' union politics. He was elected head of his Miners' Lodge when aged 19, where he frequently railed against management. He joined the Labour Party and attended Central Labour College in London. On his return to South Wales he struggled to find work, remaining unemployed for nearly three years before gaining employment as a union official, which led to him becoming a leading figure in the 1926 general strike.

In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council and he was elected as the MP for Ebbw Vale the following year. He served as an MP for 31 years. In Parliament, he became a vocal critic of numerous other politicians from all parties, particularly Winston Churchill and David Lloyd George. After the war, Bevan was chosen as the Minister of Health in Clement Attlee

Aneurin "Nye" Bevan (15 November 1897 – 6 July 1960) was the Minister of Health of the United Kingdom from 3 August 1945 to 17 January 1951, succeeding Henry Willink and preceding Hilary Marquand. He also served as a Labor Party MP for Ebbw Vale from 31 May 1929 to 6 July 1960, succeeding Evan Davies and preceding Michael Foot.

Biography[]

Aneurin Bevan was born in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, Wales on 15 November 1897, and he started work in a coal mine at the age of 13. He was active in the South Wales Miners' Federation, and he was elected to Parliament as Labor Party MP for Ebbw Vale in 1929. Angered by Ramsay MacDonald's failure to deal with unemployment, he briefly considered supporting Oswald Mosley, but instead became an outspoken socialist critic of government policies.

From 1929 to 1940, he was expelled for the party for advocating a popular front against fascism and remained vocal during the war as a critic of Labor's subordinate attitude to Winston Churchill. Under Clement Attlee, as Minister of Health from 1945 to 1951, he was responsible for a program of house-building and, most importantly, in 1948, for the creation of the National Health Service. In doing this, he tackled resistance from members of the medical profession by allowing private practice to continue.

In 1951, he became Minister of Labor, but he resigned over Hugh Gaitskell's imposition of charges for adult false teeth and spectacles in order to help pay for Britain's contribution towards the Korean War. The informal Bevanite group opposed high defense spending and the party's concessions to capitalism, and he failed to defeat Gaitskell in the 1955 party leadership election.

In 1956, he became Shadow Foreign Secretary after he criticized Anthony Eden's activities in the Suez Crisis, and he opposed those in the Bevanite group who demanded unilateral renunciation of the hydrogen bomb in 1957, dividing the left of the party. He was a brilliant and inspirational speaker in debates