Centralismo democratico stalin biography

Organisational principle of socialist/communist states and of communist parties

Democratic centralism is the organisational principle of communist states and of most communist parties to reach dictatorship of the proletariat. In practice, democratic centralism means that political decisions reached by voting processes are binding upon all members of the political party. It is mainly associated with Leninism, wherein the party's political vanguard of revolutionaries practice democratic centralism to select leaders and officers, determine policy, and execute it.

Democratic centralism has primarily been associated with Marxist–Leninist and Trotskyist parties, but has also occasionally been practised by other democratic socialist and social democratic parties such as South Africa's African National Congress. Scholars have disputed whether democratic centralism was implemented in practice in the Soviet Union and China, pointing to violent power struggles, backhanded political maneuvering, historical antagonisms and the politics of personal prestige in those states.

Socialist states, such as the former Soviet Union and present-day China, have made democratic centralism the organisational principle of the state, and the political power principle being unitary power.

In practice

Democratic centralism is a form of organisation that Trotskyists, Marxist-Leninists, and other democratic centralists abide by, both when having seized the government and also while trying to seize it. Most communist parties have a democratic centralist structure.

In party meetings, a motion (new policy or amendment, goal, plan or any other kind of political question) is moved (proposed). After a period of debate, a vote is taken. If one vote clearly wins (gaining a share of 60% or above among two options, for example) all party members are expected to follow that decision, and not continue debating it. The

A Revolução de Outubro de foi um dos acontecimentos históricos mais relevantes da época contemporânea. A sua importância pode ser compreendida, por um lado, na sequência de outras revoluções – desde logo, a Revolução Francesa de – e da emergência do movimento operário no século XIX. Por outro, foi também um momento inaugural do século XX, antecedendo eventos como a Revolução Chinesa ou a viragem pós-colonial. No centésimo aniversário da Revolução de Outubro, o Instituto de História Contemporânea da Universidade Nova de Lisboa e os centros de investigação que a ele se juntam para o efeito realizam um congresso internacional dedicado ao estudo e debate da Revolução de Outubro e suas implicações. O evento terá lugar em Lisboa nos dias 2, 3 e 4 de novembro de

Aceitam-se propostas de comunicação em torno de nove eixos temáticos:

1. A Revolução do Quotidiano. Aceitam-se propostas que, cobrindo o período entre Outubro de e os anos imediatamente posteriores, contextualizem linhas de mudança e continuidade na vida quotidiana da população, tanto a nível do espaço público como na esfera privada. Privilegiando-se comunicações que tenham por base pesquisa empírica, convida-se à abordagem de temas como as sociabilidades familiares, a sexualidade, as práticas de consumo e de convívio, a vida urbana ou, ainda, a religiosidade.
2. A Revolução Cultural. Aceitam-se propostas que analisem as transformações materiais, as estruturas de sensibilidade e os conflitos teóricos nos dom&

"Entries Part 2". A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism, edited by Silvio Pons and Robert Service, Princeton: Princeton University Press, , pp.

(). Entries Part 2. In S. Pons & R. Service (Ed.), A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism (pp. ). Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Entries Part 2. In: Pons, S. and Service, R. ed. A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism. Princeton: Princeton University Press, pp.

"Entries Part 2" In A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism edited by Silvio Pons and Robert Service, Princeton: Princeton University Press,

Entries Part 2. In: Pons S, Service R (ed.) A Dictionary of 20th-Century Communism. Princeton: Princeton University Press; p

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